Kodi Goldwater ndi chiyani? - Zakudya Zachilengedwe Zachilengedwe komanso ZokhazikikaMadzi a golide ndi feteleza, wopangidwa ndi chisakanizo cha mkodzo ndi madzi. Pothira mkodzo ndi magawo 5-10 a madzi, njira yopangira michere yambiri imapangidwa, yokhala ndi nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu - zinthu zofunika pakukula kwa mbewu. Njirayi yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka masauzande ambiri ndipo imapereka njira yochepetsera zachilengedwe ku feteleza wamankhwala. Kuchuluka kwa madzi a golide sikofunikira, koma ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse ndi madzi kuti asakhale amphamvu kwambiri pazomera. Madzi agolide ali nawo wakhala akugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa zaka masauzande ambiri ndipo ndi chisankho chokonda zachilengedwe kwa iwo omwe akufuna kulimbikitsa zomera zawo.
Madzi agolide ndi aulere ndipo aliyense ali ndi mwayi wopeza. Lili ndi zakudya zambiri zomwe mundawo umakonda. Nayitrogeni, phosphorous ndi potaziyamu. Komanso, ndi antiseptic. M’mbuyomu, m’zotengera zapulasitiki munalibe mankhwala oti azithira manyowa. Sanasungire matumba a feteleza kunyumba, koma adagwiritsa ntchito zomwe anali nazo ndipo zotsatira zake ndizabwino.
Kulima mokhazikika kwa nthawi yayitali kumafuna kuwongolera zopatsa thanzi za zomera. Zakudya zomwe zimachotsedwa ndi mbewu kumunda waulimi ziyenera kusinthidwa ngati nthaka ikuyenera kusamalidwa bwino. Njira zazikuluzikulu zikupangidwa ndi cholinga chobwezeretsa zakudya kuchokera ku zimbudzi zachimbudzi kupita ku ulimi, koma izi sizikutilepheretsa kugwiritsa ntchito njira zosavuta ngati kuli koyenera. Madzi a golide amatsimikiziridwa ndi Kuthira feteleza ndi mkodzo / madzi a golide kumalimbikitsidwa ndi ofufuza a ku Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences kuti apange feteleza wochezeka ndi chilengedwe komanso chitukuko chokhazikika. Aliyense amene ali ndi dimba kapena gawo akhoza kupanga kuzungulira kwawo m'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku mothandizidwa ndi Towa Gold Pitcher.
Feteleza wachilengedwe: Lili ndi zakudya zofunika zomwe zimalimbikitsa thanzi la zomera.
Wosamalira chilengedwe: Amachepetsa kufunika kwa feteleza wokumba ndi katundu pa zimbudzi.
Zachuma: Zaulere komanso zopezeka kwa aliyense amene ali ndi madzi ndi mkodzo.
Kuchita bwino: Itha kukolola zokolola zabwinoko kasanu ndi kawiri malinga ndi kafukufuku wa SLU.
Dilution: Sakanizani gawo limodzi la mkodzo ndi magawo 1 a madzi kuti mupewe kukomoka.
Ntchito: Madzi pakati pa mizere ndipo pewani kugunda masamba mwachindunji.
Frekvens: Gwiritsani ntchito kamodzi pa sabata panthawi ya kukula.
Mitundu ya zomera: Ndizoyenera zomera zambiri, koma pewani pamitundu yovuta monga tchire la mabulosi ndi ana
Pakakhala kusowa kwa zinthu monga potaziyamu, nayitrogeni ndi phosphorous, zimawonekera pamasamba. Popanda nayitrogeni masamba amasanduka achikasu chowala. Kalium zimayambitsa kuwotcha ndi chikasu m'mphepete pa masamba. Zipatsozo zimathanso kusinthika. Kusowa kwa phosphorous zimapanga m'mphepete mofiira kuzungulira masamba ndi petioles.
Zomera zonse zimafunikira zakudya kuti zikule bwino, zina zochulukirapo kapena zochepa. Madzi a golide ndi njira ina yonse. Ndikovuta kuthira feteleza ndi madzi agolide popeza mkodzo umasakanizidwa ndi madzi. Ngati mkodzo sunasakanizidwe, ukhoza kutentha zomera, koma ngati mutasakaniza ndi magawo 9 a madzi, palibe choopsa.
Kudzaza kusiyana kwa chidziwitso ichi, National Organisation for Recreational Cultivation (FOR) pamodzi ndi Yunivesite ya Sweden ya Agricultural Sciences (SLU) adachita maphunziro ndi mayesero othandiza momwe mkodzo wa anthu umagwiritsidwira ntchito bwino ngati kudya zakudya mu ulimi organic.
Mkodzo wa munthu uli ndi zinthu zitatu zofunika kwambiri pa zomera: nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), ndi potaziyamu (K). Nayitrogeni imathandizira kukula kobiriwira, phosphorous imalimbitsa mizu ndipo potaziyamu imathandizira kukana kwa mbewu ndi kukhazikika kwa zipatso. Pafupifupi, lita imodzi ya mkodzo imakhala ndi 5 magalamu a nayitrogeni, 1 gramu ya phosphorous ndi 2 magalamu a potaziyamu. Zinthu zonse zimachitika m'njira yosungunuka mosavuta, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mbewu zimatha kuzimeza mwachangu. Izi zimapangitsa mkodzo kukhala feteleza wogwira mtima komanso wofulumira.
Kuthira feteleza ndi mkodzo ndikosavuta. Mutha kutolera mkodzo watsopano mu chidebe cha pulasitiki kapena mphika ndikuugwiritsa ntchito m'mundamo, kapena kuusunga mu chidebe chotsekedwa mwamphamvu kwa milungu ingapo musanagwiritse ntchito. Pofuna kupewa fungo ndi kuwonongeka kwa zomera, muyenera kuchepetsa mkodzo ndi madzi. Lingaliro lofala ndi kusakaniza gawo limodzi la mkodzo ndi magawo khumi a madzi. Kapenanso, mukhoza kuthirira mwamsanga pambuyo kufalitsa undiluted mkodzo.
Kuchuluka kwa mkodzo kumatengera chonde cha nthaka ndi mbewu zomwe mumalima. Nthawi zambiri, ndikwanira kuthira 1 mpaka 2 malita a mkodzo wosungunuka pa lalikulu mita panyengo yakukula. Munthu wamkulu amatulutsa pafupifupi mkodzo wokwanira tsiku lililonse kuti ugwire sikweya mita imodzi ya malo olimapo. Anthu awiri atha kuthira feteleza pafupifupi masikweya mita 400 m'munda mu semesita yachilimwe.
Mkodzo umagwiranso ntchito ngati chowonjezera ku kompositi, makamaka ngati kompositiyo ili ndi nayitrogeni yochepa, monga masamba, udzu kapena utuchi. Mkodzo umathandizira kuwonongeka ndikuwonjezera thanzi labwino mu kompositi.
Nthawi yabwino yothira feteleza ndi mkodzo ndi nthawi ya masika ndi koyambirira kwa chilimwe, pamene zomera zili mu gawo lakukula kwambiri. Chakumapeto kwa chilimwe ndi autumn, ndi bwino kupewa feteleza wochuluka wa nayitrogeni, chifukwa zingayambitse kupangika kwa masamba kosafunikira ndikuchedwa kusasitsa ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa masamba. Malamulo omwewo a chala amagwiranso ntchito ngati feteleza wina wokhala ndi nayitrogeni: musadyetse zomera zosatha pambuyo pa July. Chizindikiro chodziwikiratu kuti mbewuzo zikupeza nayitrogeni wokwanira ndi mtundu wawo wobiriwira wamasamba.
Zomera zambiri zimakula bwino ndi mkodzo ngati feteleza, makamaka mbewu zomwe zimafuna michere monga leek, kabichi, tomato, ndi dzungu. Komabe, zomera zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi mchere kapena feteleza wamphamvu wa nayitrogeni ziyenera kulandira mkodzo wowonjezera wosungunuka - muzosakaniza monga 1:15 kapena 1:20. Izi zimagwira ntchito, mwachitsanzo, ku zomera zazing'ono, zitsamba ndi zomera zina za mabulosi. Kwa zomera kapena zomera zokhudzidwa kwambiri mumiphika, mukhoza kuyesa kusakaniza kofooka ndikuwona zotsatira zake.
Pogwiritsa ntchito bwino, kugwiritsa ntchito mkodzo ngati feteleza ndikotetezeka komanso kwaukhondo. Mkodzo nthawi zambiri umakhala wosabala, koma mwapadera umakhala ndi mabakiteriya. Choncho, ndi bwino kupewa kukhudzana mwachindunji pakati pa mkodzo ndi mbali zodyedwa za mbewu. Ngati simukudziwa, mutha kuyembekezera mwezi umodzi musanakolole, kapena kuphika masamba bwino.
Zotsalira za mankhwala, monga maantibayotiki ndi mahomoni, zimapezeka mumkodzo, koma kafukufuku amasonyeza kuti zinthuzi zimawonongeka mofulumira m'nthaka ndipo sizikhala ndi zotsatira zoyezera pa zomera kapena moyo wa nthaka zikagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono.
Mchere ndi chinthu chinanso choyenera kukumbukira. Ngati mumadya zakudya zamchere zambiri, mchere wa mkodzo wanu ukhoza kuwonjezeka, zomwe zomera zina zimakhudzidwa nazo. Pochita, chiopsezo ndi chochepa, koma ngati mukufuna kusamala kwambiri, mukhoza kupewa kusonkhanitsa mkodzo tsiku lomwelo mudadya mchere wambiri.
Pomaliza, muyenera kuganizira za dera lanu. Pofuna kupewa fungo, ndi bwino kuti mugwiritse ntchito mkodzo wosungunuka bwino ndi madzi pambuyo pake. Pewaninso kugwiritsa ntchito mkodzo m'malo otetezedwa ndi madzi kapena pomwe nthaka imatha kuloleza kwambiri, kuti musawononge madzi apansi panthaka.
Feteleza ndi mkodzo ndi njira yosavuta, yokhazikika komanso yachilengedwe yosamalira dimba lanu. Ndi yaulere, yothandiza komanso yosamalira zachilengedwe. Kafukufuku wochokera ku Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences amasonyeza kuti mkodzo umagwira ntchito mofanana ndi feteleza wamba - komanso ndi sitepe yolondola yopita ku ulimi wozungulira.
Med The Golden Jug Towa Zimakhala zosavuta kusonkhanitsa mkodzo ndi madzi kumene zomera zimafuna zakudya. Mtsuko umaphatikiza mphika ndi kuthirira m'modzi - yabwino kwa dimba, dziko kapena gawo.